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Summary:

Desalination of seawater is a process in which salt and other constituents are removed to produce pure water. The two most common forms of desalination are thermal treatment and membrane processes. Thermal treatment uses heat to evaporate the water, leaving behind the dissolved salts, or waste stream, and separating it from pure water. Membrane processes use reverse osmosis and high pressure to force saltwater through very fine, porous filters that retain the salts, leaving pure water on one side of the membrane and the waste stream on the other side.

Since a great majority of earth’s water is found in the seas and oceans, desalination creates an opportunity for coastal communities to access virtually unlimited freshwater sources. In addition, desalination techniques can be used to purify brackish water in areas with seawater intrusion. In light of climate change adaptation, this is also a crucial resource for areas where existing freshwater resources can no longer support local populations or be rehabilitated to meet the freshwater demands.

https://www.ctc-n.org/resources/climate-change-adaptation-technologies-…