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Summary:

Inter-basin transfer is the moving of water from a watershed with a surplus (donor basin) to a watershed suffering from a shortage (recipient basin). The water is transferred primarily to alleviate water scarcity in the recipient basin and travels long distances via complex pipeline and canal systems.  Other reasons include recipient basin hydropower generation and the navigation route expansion. Inter-basin transfers are often considered a controversial practice, as the environmental and socio-economic consequences for the donor basin can be high, and difficult to predict. Therefore, it is strictly regulated in many areas, s and completely prohibited in others. 

https://www.ctc-n.org/resources/climate-change-adaptation-technologies-…