The development objective of the Upgrading and Greening of the Rio de Janeiro Urban Rail System Project is to: to improve the level of service provided to suburban rail transport users in the RJMR in a safe and cost-efficient manner; to place the suburban rail transport system on a lower carbon growth path; and to improve the transport management and policy framework in the Borrower’s territory and in the RJMR. This additional financing loan with first-order restructuring of the original project is sought to: scale up a well-performing project in order to strengthen its policy component and further enhance the level of service provided by the urban rail system to make it more attractive to bus and automobile users and to promote climate change mitigation and adaptation in the long term; and restructure the project in order to ensure a more effective response to the emerging challenges facing the RJMR, that is, through the alignment of its transport, urban development, housing and climate change strategies for the RJMR, which are also leveraged by recent bank loans to the State and Municipality of Rio de Janeiro.