The key messages of this report are: •    Adaptation planning for climate change requires inputs from multiple levels of stakeholders and multiple layers of decision-making.  •    One of the biggest challenges is to determine who ‘owns’ the adaptation planning process. Local and marginalised voices are likely to be limited as default control normally goes to the national government. External actors, such as international NGOs, can be helpful, but can also take power away from local actors and create dependency. •    Participatory processes need to include all voices to be effective. Power imbalances can limit the capacity of some groups to reduce their exposure to climate and disaster risk. •    When funds are limited, smaller and less ambitious projects may be preferable to larger, more costly initiatives. However, transformational change will require large-scale funding. •    Planning is often done based on previous years, but with climate change, historical patterns will increasingly not be reliable predictors of future patterns