This working paper, published by the World Bank Group, focuses on the social implications of climate change adaptation in Vietnam. The country is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of a changing climate owing to its substantial coastline, relatively underdeveloped rural regions and its high dependence on agriculture. The report’s key outputs include: the identification of key socio-economic and biophysical areas of vulnerability, an assessment of Vietnam’s institutional and policy framework for adaptation, a local assessment of existing and potential adaptation options and practices and the development of participatory scenarios of adaptation pathways that might be chosen in the future.