This presentation, given at the Asia ESCO Conference in New Delhi in 2010, examines the potential and barriers for Energy Service Companies (ESCO) in developing countries. ESCOs are well positioned to offer innovative financing mechanisms—such as performance contracting and carbon financing—that are ideal for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The presentation makes the case for a government-established "Super ESCO" to support both the public and private sectors. Case studies in the Phillipines and China are discussed.