The study focuses on energy efficiency improvements in the industry and buildings sectors. The study notes the pricing and other barriers in promoting demand-side energy efficiency. It also notes a range of approaches that can be adopted for promoting demand-side energy efficiency. The report also recognizes that a major challenge is to analyze and identify the type of efficiency measures that would work best in a given country. The study highlights measures that call for commercial banks to work closely with energy service companies, mechanisms that work through market forces such as trading of energy efficiency certificates, sectors and segments where regulation is the preferred mode, such as the setting of minimum energy performance standards for certain type of energy using equipment, and other settings where administrative measures have proved useful.