This paper contains the highlights of an Indo-US Dialogue on Sustainability, hosted by the Observer Research Foundation in New Delhi on December 6-7, 2012. The dialogue focussed on market and civil society initiatives on sustainability. India has seen a significant rise in energy demand largely due to its economic growth over the last decade. The country’s renewable energy market relies heavily on incentives provided by government programmes. This paper outlines the potential of renewable energy in addressing India's energy supply and access; it identifies challenges and provides a discursive overview of the various market and policy instruments developed to scale up renewable energy generation.