This journal article explores possible consequences of variations in fuel usage for improved cookstove programs and how they might vary by area. Reductions of CO2 equivalent emissions and monetary savings are calculated for hypothetical cookstove deployment using data from a rural energy survey in the Vĩnh Phúc province of northern Vietnam. Results indicate that the areas might respond differently to various stove options, both in terms of economy and emission reductions. Furthermore, there are large differences in emission reduction calculations when only Kyoto-gases are included and when non-Kyoto greenhouse agents are added. Assumptions regarding household behavior and stove efficiency have large impacts on the results, indicating a need for further research on how improved cookstoves may influence households’ fuel choices.