India is a large developing country with a nearly 700 million rural population directly depending on climate sensitive sector like agriculture, forests and fisheries and natural resources such as water, coastal zones biodiversity, grasslands mangroves for their sustenance and livelihoods. Climate change is likely to impact all the natural ecosystems as well as socio economic systems as per the national communication report of India to the UNFCCC. Developing country like India is facing the dual burden of climate change and globalisation. This publication focuses on the efforts taken up by the Government of India towards climate change mitigation and how the environmental concerns have been integrated in the Indian planning process. The work also provides insights on Clean Development Mechanisms (CDM) as an important mechanism for funding mitigation efforts for developing countries like India and throw some light on Post -Kyoto regime. Though India has been one of the highest recipient CDM finance, uncertainty with respect to Post- Kyoto regime is the most significant barrier for investment in CDM.