This handbook focuses on the role that nationally appropriate mitigation actions (NAMAs) can play in promoting renewable energy (RE) in developing countries. So far, over 50 countries have proposed NAMAs and a registry has been set up under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to facilitate the flow of support from industrialised to developing countries and to ensure transparency. The handbook presents three case studies from Peru, Kenya and Grenada, which illustrate the potential role of RE NAMAs. Key findings include: NAMAs can help achieve broader strategic energy targets, such as reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels; NAMAs serve to scale up the activities of existing economic instruments, such as the clean development mechanism; and successful NAMA implementation relies on the availability of reliable data for estimation of baseline scenarios and emission reduction, as well as on transparent structures and procedures to evaluate achievements.