This executive summary highlights that Africa’s climate is already changing and the impacts are already being felt. It argues that climate change will have widespread impacts on African society and Africans’ interaction with the natural environment. These include an effect on food security, water availability and human health. The report explores these impacts in more depth and argues that, given the interdependence between countries in today’s world, the impacts of climate change on resources or commodities in one place will have far-reaching effects on prices, supply chains, trade, investment and political relations in other places. Thus, climate change will progressively threaten economic growth and human security.