This dissertation studies the global greenhouse gas (GHG) abatement potential of the nitrogen fertilizer industry up to 2030. During the study, a database of the major nitrogen-producing countries that make up 80 per cent of global production was created. The database focused on energy use, energy intensities, GHG emissions and intensities of the three major fertilizers: ammonia, urea and nitric acid. Moreover, the current technology status--the technological options to increase energy efficiency and reduce GHG emissions, the costs of it and the rate of implementation--was discussed and analysed. The results show that the total GHG emissions are expected to increase 26% from 2005 to 2030 in the frozen efficiency scenario (564 Mt CO2 in FE) and 14% in the BAU scenario (486 Mt CO2 in BAU).