The problem of mitigating climate change has continued to dominate public debates in terms of its origin, sources, potential impacts and possibly adaptation strategies. In this paper, the contributions of energy to the climate change debate are explored. The analysis based on the secondary information shows that the global use of fossil fuels has increased and dominated world energy consumption and supply.This case is quite similar to Indian case and the emissions in Indian are also increasing. To account for the change in CO2 emission, we have followed index decomposition analysis using data from the PROWESS database of the Center for Monitoring Indian economy.Two factors are considered to account for the changes in emission intensity of Indian economy, namely, (1) output shift among three sectors of the India economy (Agriculture, Service and Manufacturing) and (2) the structural change based on the aggregate output change with respect to emissions change for post globalisation.