Human-induced climate change caused by greenhouse gas emissions is impacting the earth’s ecosystem stability through effects such as ocean acidification, thawing of permafrost regions, shrinking sea ice, increased incidence of extreme weather, and shifting precipitation patterns. Forest and land-use change contribute significantly to emissions through greenhouse gases (GHGs) released during deforestation and soil disturbance. The forestry sector alone generates more carbon dioxide emissions than the entire transport sector. Given this, policy-makers are increasingly recognising the need to address emissions from the land-use sector. And the sector is core to effective sustainable development: economic benefits from forest and land-use carbon extend beyond emissions reductions to include stabilisation of regional rainfall, improved soil stability, improved watersheds that reduce flood risk, maintenance of habitat, and improvements in livelihoods, all important “co-benefits”.