While media headlines have hailed the agreement variously as a breakthrough or at least as a major achievement, the sentiments are largely due to a sense of huge relief, especially after the disastrous Copenhagen summit of December 2009. It is also widely acknowledged that it is not as if the climate problem has been solved or indeed that a solution has even been arrived at the Durban Summit has merely agreed that a new agreement will be negotiated and has set a timetable for this. In any case, now that whatever celebrations were on have ended, a sober assessment is required of what the Durban agreement actually means, what it implies for the climate and for the obligations of different countries especially India as regards controlling GHG emissions, and what is required to be done globally and especially in India from now to 2015, both by governments and in civil society.