The paper examines Bangladesh's moves to address environmental degradation and natural resource management. It stresses that although the first imperative of any organised socio-economic activity at any level should be to eradicate poverty, economic growth and environmental protection do not necessarily conflict.The paper examines environmental aspects of the energy, transport, agriculture and forestry sectors with special emphasis on present and future greenhouse gas emissions. Although it stresses that Bangladesh is under no obligation under the UNFCC to cut back on GHG emissions it believes there could be win-win situations arising from mitigation in the following areas:Industry: through increased energy efficiencyPower generation: by updating inefficient existing technology and utilising domestic gas suppliesTransport: significant potential for improving efficiency which would also have positive implications for public healthCooling systems: encouraging use of more efficient systems would have a small impactForestry: firstly, large potential for afforestation both by the government and by as part of the emerging social forestry movement with important socio-economic and nutritional benefits for the rural poor. Secondly, improved biomass cooking stoves in commercial and domestic sectors will reduce deforestation and provide benefits to women and the rural poor