This report was commissioned under the Climate Risk Management Technical Assistance Support Project (CRM TASP), a joint initiative of the Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery and the Bureau for Development Policy of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Designed to support developing countries in managing the changing nature of climate risk, CRM TASP was implemented in Kenya by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD). The report examines Kenya’s vulnerability to climate risks given the country's current progress toward meeting its defined development goals, looking particularly at its exposure to climate risks historically. It analyses how these risks might change in the future given available climate change projections; the degree to which key sectors of the Kenyan economy and particular groups are vulnerable to existing and future climate risks; and the country’s current capacity to address climate risks given its policy framework, institutional arrangements, information availability, ongoing projects and capacity needs. General recommendations to strengthen response capacity include the following.

Improve understanding of projected changes in climatic conditions, particularly rainfall patterns.
Enhance knowledge and capacity to manage climate risks at the sub-national level, establishing appropriate horizontal and vertical coordinating bodies, and putting in place the technical, financial and human resources needed to support climate risk prevention, response and recovery.
Strengthen communication between climate scientists and policymakers to better facilitate the ongoing evolution of knowledge in this area, and ensure that decisions consider potential climate risks.
Greater attention must be directed toward understanding how climate risks differ between men and women, and incorporate this knowledge into planning and programming.
The collection of relevant socioeconomic, environmental and topographic data should be harmonised and centralised.
Continue to ensure that climate risks are integrated into relevant policies and programmes. Examples of current and future initiatives into which climate risk considerations could be integrated include the Water Catchment Management Initiative, the water sector investment plan (WSIP) and the National Spatial Plan.