This report explores how strategies to reduce carbon emissions relate to a country’s financial structures and institutions. It details lessons learned in Brazil, Costa Rica, Indonesia, Mexico and Peru on how best to design in-country financial architecture for receiving and utilising international funding for climate action. The report aims to shed light on elements that help to enhance the efficiency and transparency of climate finance mechanisms, as well as subsequent implementation. It hopes to support governments in their efforts to find the right solutions by analysing and reflecting on lessons learned and by providing recommendations based on best practices. The report first outlines the reality of existing financial landscapes; this survey is followed by recommendations on planning processes and institutional arrangements.