This paper analyses climate vulnerability in Rajasthan and proposes methods of prioritising watershed projects according to their vulnerability. It argues that when addressing climate change adaptation in India hot-spots or critical regions of climate vulnerability will need to be identified. It is suggested to develop a climate vulnerability index for India that combines the most relevant bio-physical and socio-economic parameters which determine adaptive capacity. After this identification adaptation measures are to be agreed upon with people from different watersheds. This requires a continued effort of knowledge and awareness sharing. Selection of appropriate adaptation measures can benefit from current watershed management and development activities.