Clean Energy Standards: State and Federal Policy Options and Implications

This paper introduces stakeholders to the concept of a clean energy standard (CES), explains how a CES works, describes the benefits that a CES can deliver, and explores federal and subnational options for CES policies. The paper also explores some of the nuances of CES policy design and the implications of different design choices. This discussion is targeted toward both state and federal policymakers, utility regulators, and other stakeholders involved in CES policy design.