This article focuses on carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) developments in China. In an attempt to develop its own advanced coal generation technologies to improve the country’s air quality and energy efficiency, the Chinese government is investing heavily in gasification and other technologies that can be employed in CCS applications. This investment has turned China into a global laboratory for CCS pilot projects, attracting foreign governments, multilateral institutions, nongovernmental organizations, and business partners. China’s leadership in developing CCS technology could ultimately help lower its costs and promote its commercialization globally.