Researchers in Prof. Xiaolin Zheng’s laboratory have developed a low-power high efficiency homeogenous photo-thermal fuel ignition technology using a simple nanoparticle fuel additive. The system was initially demonstrated with inexpensive aluminum nanoparticles (Al NPs) that enable homogeneous combustion with only an optical flash (such as a camera flash unit) instead of sparks and hotwire igniters. This concept could also be expanded to other energetic thermites and mixtures with microparticles. The nanoparticle system can be easily installed in existing combustion engines and is compatible with solid liquid or gaseous fuel. The invention can reduce pollution and ignition delays in a variety of settings particularly in rapid reciprocating combustion engines and supersonic combustors. Stage of Research: The inventors first demonstrated the photo ignition experiment for Al nanoparticles and a mixture of Al/CuO nanoparticles. They have also used WO3 nanoparticles for flash ignition of Al microparticles. Applications: Homogeneous combustion in cars power plants aircraft and rockets particularly with: rapid reciprocating combustion engines and supersonic combustors.
1) Advantages of photo ignition: -reduced ignition delay time -higher combustion efficiency with decreased emissions -low cost and low input power (compared to conventional spark igniters) -no high pressure or temperature 2) Advantages of nanoparticle additives for photo ignition: -simple to install in existing combustion engines versatile -can be used with solid liquid or gaseous fuel