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Flooding

  • Riparian buffer

    Objective
    Adaptation
    Technology
    Riparian buffers

    Riparian buffers are vegetated, often forested, areas (“strips”) adjacent to streams, rivers, lakes and other waterways protecting aquatic environments from the impacts of surrounding land use. To the extent possible riparian buffers should compose of native species and typically are divided in three zones with a total width of 15 to 200 meters. The first zone should consist of different grasses, a middle zone planted with bushes and a last part with large trees.

  • Coastal setbacks

    Sectors
    Coastal zones
    Objective
    Adaptation

    Coastal setbacks are ‘a prescribed distance to a coastal feature such as the line of permanent vegetation, within which all or certain types of development are prohibited (Cambers, 1998). A setback may dictate a minimum distance from the shoreline for new buildings or infrastructure facilities, or may state a minimum elevation above sea level for development. Elevation setbacks are used to adapt to coastal flooding, while lateral setbacks deal with coastal erosion.

    The description of this technology originates from Linham and Nicholls (2010).

  • Floating agricultural systems

    CTCN
    Sectors
    Coastal zones
    Objective
    Adaptation
    Approach
    Gender

    Floating agriculture is a way of utilising areas which are waterlogged for long periods of time in the production of food. The technology is mainly aimed at adapting to more regular or prolonged flooding.

    The approach employs beds of rotting vegetation, which act as compost for crop growth. These beds are able to float on the surface of the water, thus creating areas of land suitable for agriculture within waterlogged regions. Scientifically, floating agriculture may be referred to as hydroponics. In Bangladesh, it has regional names such as baira, geto, dhap and bed.

  • Terracing

    Sectors
    Agriculture and forestry
    Objective
    Adaptation

    Description

    The ancient Andean technique of terracing consists of making cuts in steep slopes to form contour ridges and establish cultivation surfaces that are supported by stone walls. Because the terraces are positioned perpendicular to the flow of water they reduce erosion, retain soil and moisture and thus generate a microclimate conducive to crop growth.

  • Accommodation of flooding (flexible buildings and infrastructure)

    Sectors
    Water
    Objective
    Adaptation

    Description

    This technological approach focuses on designing infrastructure that can withstand the impact of flooding events, resulting in minimizing socio-economic damages and effective climate change adaptation. Accommodation techniques include flood resistant designs aimed at keeping floodwater out of the structure completely, and flood resilient designs, aimed at minimizing structure restoration costs and time if it is flooded. These could include both, new designs or retrofitting existing structures.