Spain
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Publication date
TO BE EFFECTIVE, COMMITMENTS TO ACTION MUST BE IMPLEMENTED AND ENFORCED. THE IMPLEMENTATION OF POLICIES AND INTERVENTIONS DEPENDS on converting political commitment to practical action. How are governments and other stakeholders doing in implementing policies and interventions that reflect commitment?
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Publication dateObjective
Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is an essential component of irrigation water management due to it being a basic input for estimating crop water requirements. A new alternative approach called MA + LSE based on the Makkink-Advection (MAK-Adv) equation in combination with remotely sensed solar radiation and a numerical weather forecast of near surface air temperature has provided good estimates of ETo under different weather conditions in a semi-arid region located in Southern Spain, without requiring local meteorological data.
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Publication dateObjectiveSectors
This paper assessed the economics of investing in suspended shade-cloth covers (SSCCs) in agricultural water reservoirs (AWRs) to reduce evaporation losses and save water for irrigation in arid and semi-arid areas. In particular, authors examine the use of SSCCs in the Segura River Basin (southeastern Spain). The decision to install a cover depends on the potential evaporation losses, reservoir characteristics, cover effectiveness, the value of water, filtration requirements, water salinity, government subsidies and the installation, operation and maintenance costs.
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Publication dateObjectiveSectors
The Ibero-American Model Forest Network (RIABM) aims to be a regional benchmark for the sustainable management of forest-based landscapes. It promotes cooperation among model forests, institutions and member countries based on knowledge exchange and innovative experiences and contributes to public policies related to the sustainable management of natural resources. It is the first voluntary regional organization to be created that brings together 14 countries and 28 model forests in Central and South America, the Caribbean and Spain to share knowledge and experiences.
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Publication dateObjectiveSectors
Based on published data for Austria, Hungary, the Philippines, South Africa, Spain and the United Kingdom, this article investigates long-term trends in aboveground human appropriation of net primary production (HANPP) and discusses the relationships between population, economic growth, changes in biomass use and land-use intensity and their influences on national HANPP trajectories.
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Publication dateObjectiveSectors
This guideline describes the way in which Bayesian networks can be used to facilitate water resource decision making and improve the stakeholder engagement process. To reverse the water shortage and scarcity due to the variable and climate changing, the experience of four case studies (United Kingdom, Spain, Denmark and Italy) show clearly that the Bns can permits to assess impacts of many different strategies and / or scenarios to be assessed in a short time and different scale of water management can be addressed simultaneously.
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Publication dateObjectiveApproach
This report is based on the disclosure of cities’ climate mitigation, adaptation and water management data.