This report synthesizes climate change governance issues in Botswana, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda and Zimbabwe. Case studies assessed vulnerabilities to climate change; climate change adaptation policies, plans and strategies, and their genesis and relation to the state of national knowledge on vulnerability; the institutional actors involved in climate change policy and responses; public awareness of climate change; and the role of state and non-state actors in international climate change negotiations.

Africa is vulnerable to climate change on two fronts: firstly, because of existing vulnerabilities and secondly, due to capacity limitations for disaster mitigation and inability to adapt to climate change.

In the introduction to this publication, ENERGIA policy advisor and editor of this pubication Gail Karlsson writes, “In many developing countries, especially in the poorest areas, most energy currently comes from traditional biomass fuels such as wood, charcoal and agricultural wastes - and collection and managing these fuels is strictly ‘women’s business’.” She calls on national energy and development policy-makers to acknowledge the links between women’s work, national economics and energy; as well as make more gender-focused investments and initiatives, with greater and more diverse invo

The study aims to provide comprehensive guidance to policy makers and practitioners in developing countries [Non-Annex I countries to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)] for the preparation of national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories for the waste sector. Though GHG emissions from the waste sector are still comparatively low compared to other sectors, they are continuously rising in developing countries due to changing production and consumption patterns. Experience shows that emissions from this sector can be reduced significantly at relatively low costs.

Currently, all supermarket refrigeration systems in Southern Africa operate on fluorinated refrigerants with high ozone-depleting and/or global warming potentials. Modern, environmentally friendlier technology based on natural refrigerants is still completely unknown there and is seen with some concern. Most equipment owners, refrigeration engineers and service technicians have been reluctant to discuss these technologies due to potential safety issues.

The second African Regional Workshop Peer-to-peer-exchange on BURs took place on October 15-17 in Berlin, Germany, with participants from Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe. This report summarizes the information presented and discussed during the workshop.

This factsheet provides a brief summary of Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV), covering different aspects, such as the following: - What do the M, R, and V stand for? - Why MRV? - Current gaps - What needs to me 'MRVed'? - Who should undertake MRV?