Scrap preheating for iron and steel

Foolad Technic is an international engineering company, rendering services in industrial and development projects in the form of feasibility studies, management, engineering, procurement & construction on turn-key basis or in level of local and foreign markets through efficient conducting investments of private and government sectors.

According to the present invention an improved photoimagable cationically polymerizable epoxy based solder mask is provided that contains a non-brominated epoxy resin system and from about 0.1 to about 15 parts by weight per 100 parts of resin system of a cationic photoinitiator. The non-brominated epoxy-resin system has solids that are comprised of from about 10% to about 80% by weight of a polyol resin having epoxy functionality; from about 0% to about 90% by weight of a polyepoxy resin; and from about 25% to about 85% by weight of an difunctional epoxy resin.

Using a solar lamp design locally designed and assembled from plastic and scrap metal and panel cells.

Global, electricity demand is expected to grow by 76% from 2007-2031 resulting in a steep (over 50%) increase in energy related greenhouse gas emissions from coal fired power plants in the absence of concerted efforts by governments to transition to cleaner sources. There is talk of a large increase in nuclear capacity worldwide to meet the twin challenges of energy security and climate security in an energy starved, carbon constrained world.

The Egypt Vehicle Scrapping and Recycling Program will establish a mechanism through which owners of taxis, microbuses, trailer trucks and buses may voluntarily surrender their vehicles for managed scrapping and recycling, in exchange for financial incentives that may be used towards the purchase of new vehicles from participating vehicle dealers, under a closely monitored process. Carbon finance plays a critical role in ensuring the sustainability of the Egypt Vehicle Scrapping and Recycling Program by ensuring that the program's social and environmental objectives are met.

The Mexico City Insurgentes Bus Rapid Transit System Carbon Finance Project will contribute to reductions in local airborne pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions generated by the transport sector in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City. This will be sought through the development of the first surface mass transport corridor in Mexico City (Insurgentes Avenue) and associated traffic management measures.

The goal of this report is to provide an understanding of global non-ferrous metal scrap flows in the context of non-ferrous industry developments over the 2000 to 2011 period. The focus of this study is on copper and aluminium as the two largest non-ferrous metals in terms of both material tonnages and market value. The report consists of four chapters. The first chapter, presented here, provides a brief backdrop to the analysis on non-ferrous scrap flows. It outlines growth in metal demand and the underlying reasons for this growth.

Capturing ozone-depleting substances and greenhouse gases from household refrigerators Brazil has more than 50 million old household refrigerators. Most of these are energy-inefficient and still contain chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) which are ozone layer depleting gases having also an extremely high global warming potential (GWP). Currently, scrap collectors (so called catadores) collect old refrigerators from slum areas (favelas) and dismantle them in order to recover and sell any valuable materials such as metals and plastics.

One of the most abundant metals on earth aluminum composes 8% of the earth’s crust in oxide or silicate form. Twenty-nine million tons of aluminum are needed to meet annual worldwide demands. Of this twenty-two million tons are new aluminum and seven million tons comes from recycled aluminum scrap. Of the twenty-two million tons of new aluminum used annually only 50% of it is ever recycled. New aluminum is made from bauxite which is energy intensive and utilizes a costly electrolyte and forms dross as a by-product.

Molten steel is produced by the converter process. This device recovers and uses the high temperature waste gas generated in large quantity during blowing in the converter (basic oxygen furnace: equipment used to produce crude steel from pig iron, steel scrap, etc.). Accompanying this process, about 100Nm3 of high temperature gas (CO) with a heating value of approximately 2,000 kcal/Nm3 is generated.