The new edition of our BIR ferrous report "World Steel Recycling in Figures," which covers the five-year period between 2008 and 2012, highlights the importance of scrap as a global raw material for the world"s steelworks and foundries. Market developments in 2012 highlighted the global importance of scrap as an ecologically beneficial raw material for steelworks and foundries and at the same time underlined the need for a free world raw material market.
Scrap preheating for iron and steel
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Publication dateObjectiveSectors
The goal of this report is to provide an understanding of global non-ferrous metal scrap flows in the context of non-ferrous industry developments over the 2000 to 2011 period. The focus of this study is on copper and aluminium as the two largest non-ferrous metals in terms of both material tonnages and market value. The report consists of four chapters. The first chapter, presented here, provides a brief backdrop to the analysis on non-ferrous scrap flows. It outlines growth in metal demand and the underlying reasons for this growth.
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ObjectiveTechnology
Molten steel is produced by the converter process. This device recovers and uses the high temperature waste gas generated in large quantity during blowing in the converter (basic oxygen furnace: equipment used to produce crude steel from pig iron, steel scrap, etc.). Accompanying this process, about 100Nm3 of high temperature gas (CO) with a heating value of approximately 2,000 kcal/Nm3 is generated.
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ObjectiveTechnology
Because the preheating shaft and melting chamber are directly and rigidly connected, the scraps are continually present from the steel to preheating areas. This enables high-temperature preheating of the scraps, resulting in a significant reduction of power consumption.
The melting chamber is sealed off from outside air, to prevent the excess air inlet. It prevents over oxidation of scrap under high temperature preheating. As this equipment keeps always flat bath operation, electrode consumption is significantly improved. -
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This publication presents ‘positive environmentalism’ as a way to deal with climate change instead of a doom and gloom approach. The report focuses on four main areas: environmentalism for the 21st century; technology and growth; environmental policy and government; and food miles.The document emphasises that instead of a fear of economic growth, policymakers should see it as a force for good.
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Type of National planObjectiveMitigationSectorsCountrySudan
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Publication dateObjective
Capturing ozone-depleting substances and greenhouse gases from household refrigerators Brazil has more than 50 million old household refrigerators. Most of these are energy-inefficient and still contain chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) which are ozone layer depleting gases having also an extremely high global warming potential (GWP). Currently, scrap collectors (so called catadores) collect old refrigerators from slum areas (favelas) and dismantle them in order to recover and sell any valuable materials such as metals and plastics.
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Publication dateObjective
Brazil has more than 50 million old household refrigerators. Most of these are energy-inefficient and still contain chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) which are ozone layer depleting gases having also an extremely high global warming potential (GWP). Currently, scrap collectors (so called catadores) collect old refrigerators from slum areas (favelas) and dismantle them in order to recover and sell any valuable materials such as metals and plastics. In this process, the CFCs from the refrigeration circuits and insulation foams are released into the atmosphere.
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Type of National planObjectiveMitigationSectorsCountrySudan