Iraq

Despite the difficult challenges, the Government of Iraq has laid out an economy-wide plan to reduce GHGs emission by around 14% from the Business As Usual (BAU) scenario over the period 2020 until 2035. The graph in the document below illustrates that the INDC of Iraq presents two conditional scenarios for that aforementioned emission reduction plan; 

First, a reduction of 1% of economy-wide emissions up to 2035 via national capabilities, on the condition that peace and security is achieved inside the country to enable the sustainable development in all national sectors.

En vísperas de entrar en la era post 2015 de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ods), el mundo debe hacer frente a problemas aparentemente inextricables. La malnutrición no debería estar entre ellos. Los países que están determinados a alcanzar rápidos avances en la reducción de la malnutrición pueden hacerlo, pues los incentivos para mejorar en este campo son fuertes. Una buena nutrición es el fundamento vital para el desarrollo del ser humano y esencial para alcanzar su máximo potencial.

This 2014–2015 Global Food Policy Report is the fourth in an annual series that provides a comprehensive overview of major food policy developments and events. In this report, distinguished researchers, policymakers, and practitioners review what happened in food policy in 2014 at the global, regional, and national levels, and—supported by the latest knowledge and research—explain why. This year’s report is the first to also look forward a year, offering analysis of the potential opportunities and challenges that we will face in achieving food and nutrition security in 2015.

Alors qu’il ne reste plus qu’une année avant la date d’échéance de la réalisation des Objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement, l’Indice de la faim dans le monde 2014 (GHI) offre une analyse multidimensionnelle de la faim et présente de nouvelles données permettant d’alimenter le débat mondial sur la question de savoir où concentrer les efforts dans la lutte contre la faim et la malnutrition. Selon le GHI 2014, les niveaux de faim dans les pays en développement pris dans leur ensemble se sont améliorés depuis 1990, diminuant de 39%.

With one more year before the 2015 deadline for achieving the Millennium Development Goals, the 2014 Global Hunger Index report offers a multifaceted overview of global hunger that brings new insights to the global debate on where to focus efforts in the fight against hunger and malnutrition. The state of hunger in developing countries as a group has improved since 1990, falling by 39 percent, according to the 2014 GHI.

In this paper a methodology has been developed for optimum planning of hybrid PV, Wind and diesel generator system with some battery backup in Kirkuk Technical College in Iraq. The local solar radiation, wind data and components database from different manufactures are analyzed and simulated in HOMER model to assess the technical and economic viability of the integrated system. Performance of each component was evaluated and sensitivity analysis was performed to optimize the system at different conditions.

Present reserves of oil and natural gas can only cover consumption at this rate for the next 50 years in the case of oil, and for the next 70 years in the case of natural gas. Therefore, one of the fundamental priorities for a country such as Iraq is to use several renewable energies (RE) sources and environmentally friendly energy conversion technologies. Iraq is endowed with large reserves of energy sources, mainly hydrocarbons and a considerable potential for the utilization of RE sources especially with respect to solar energy.

Due to shift in the average patterns of weather, climate change became one of the significant development challenges. Hydropower is currently being utilized in more than 150 countries, including 11,000 stations with 27,000 generating units. Increasing attention has been paid to hydropower generation in recent years, because it is renewable energy. Temperature and precipitation effects from global climate change could alter future hydrologic conditions in Iraq and, as a result, future hydropower generation. This is also valid for the Middle East and Iraq.

However, the design, control, and optimization of the hybrid systems are usually very complex tasks; the stand-alone hybrid solar–diesel power generation system is recognized generally more suitable than systems that only have one energy source for supply of electricity to off-grid applications. A proposed PV system has been designed and optimized using HOMER software computer model to supply a potato cooled store in Kirkuk city in Iraq.

The aim of this paper is to find the best hybrid combination from the available resources in a given village location that can meet the electricity demand in a sustainable manner and to see whether this is a cost effective solution or