The handbook contains 31 articles by individual authors covering the following issues: policies and legislation on F-gases and related issues (Part 1), safety concerns and means to overcome (Part 2), a technical assessment of natural refrigerants in different applications (air conditioning, commercial and industrial refrigeration and heat pumps) (Part 3), and case studies by manufacturers and end-users providing insights into market developments and examples of successful conversions to natural refrigerants (Part 4).
Heat pumps
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Publication dateObjectiveSectors
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Publication dateObjectiveSectors
This report highlights two underutilized but fully implementable technologies that efficiently integrate heat and electricity systems, provide flexibility and enhance energy security. It examines what restricts co‑generation and efficient district heating and cooling systems that can help de-carbonize the energy system.
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Demonstration of how the building integrates the various technologies in solar thermal, electricity and ground source heat pump, etc,
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Demonstration of the ecological aspect of this zero-energy high-rise office building (Netherlands).
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Demonstration of the ecological aspect of the 50 buildings newly built in the eco-district Llevant of Viladecans (Spain)
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An overall policy and recommendations for low energy buildings in China.