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SMARTer2030 is the third instalment in the acclaimed GeSI series of SMART reports, demonstrating the enabling potential of ICT in eight different sectors (from buildings to energy, from transport to agriculture and healthcare), and how ICT solutions can support the transition to a low-carbon economy while delivering business opportunities and improving people's quality of life.

Building on the findings of the GeSI SMARTer2030 report, #SystemTransformation looks at how ICT will be instrumental in the achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The report analyzes the current SDGs implementation gaps, identifies the key features that make ICT a fundamental tool to achieve the Goals, and provides a deep-dive into those Goals where the ICT contribution can be most immediate and important.

The European Climate Adaptation Platform (Climate-ADAPT) aims to support Europe in adapting to climate change . It is an initiative of the European Commission and helps users to access and share information on:

Expected climate change in Europe
Current and future vulnerability of regions and sectors
National and transnational adaptation strategies
Adaptation case studies and potential adaptation options
Tools that support adaptation planning

Policy making is required in cases in which a public good needs to be either maintained or created, and private or civil initiatives cannot deal alone with this. Policy making thus starts with a phase of problem identification and determining whether there is a problem that needs to be dealt with. Rapidly evolving contexts exert influence on policy makers who have to take decisions much faster and more accurately than in the past, also facing greater complexity. There is a need for a method that lowers the lead time of the exploratory phase of the policy cycle.

This report provides historical and projected estimates of emissions of non-carbon-dioxide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from anthropogenic sources. It provides a consistent and comprehensive estimate for 92 individual countries and 8 regions. The analysis provides information that can be used to understand national contributions of GHG emissions, historical progress on reductions and mitigation opportunities. Although this document is being published by the U.S.

Representing one-fifth of total global CO2 emissions currently, industrial sectors such as cement, iron and steel, chemicals and refining are expected to emit even more CO2 over the coming decades. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is currently the only large-scale mitigation option available to cut the emissions intensity of production by over 50 per cent in these sectors. To achieve decarbonisation goals, policymakers must pay more attention to industrial applications of CCS, while not undermining the global competitiveness of these sectors.

HFCs and, to a very limited extent, PFCs, are serving as alternatives to ozone-depleting substances (ODS) being phased out under the Montreal Protocol. Current and expected application areas of HFCs and PFCs include: refrigeration and air conditioning, fire suppression and explosion protection, aerosols, solvent cleaning and foam blowing. This chapter of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories provides a general framework and specialized guidance for estimating emissions from ODS substitutes and their different applications.

To provide quantitative information for the debate on the burden sharing of the European Union target to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 2020 by 20 per cent, this report assesses the potential and costs for further mitigation of the non-carbon-dioxide (CO2) GHG emissions beyond the currently agreed policies. It addresses the non-CO2 gases included in the Kyoto protocol [i.e., methane (CH4); nitrous oxide (N2O); and the three F-gases: hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).

This document elaborates a framework for understanding drought and vulnerability to drought and provides guidance on actions to reduce the risks associated with drought. It discusses drought policy and governance, risk identification and early warning, awareness and knowledge management and effective mitigation and preparedness measures. These framework elements are illustrated with practical examples, techniques and extensive background information.

The goal of this report is to provide an understanding of global non-ferrous metal scrap flows in the context of non-ferrous industry developments over the 2000 to 2011 period. The focus of this study is on copper and aluminium as the two largest non-ferrous metals in terms of both material tonnages and market value. The report consists of four chapters. The first chapter, presented here, provides a brief backdrop to the analysis on non-ferrous scrap flows. It outlines growth in metal demand and the underlying reasons for this growth.