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Paraguay

Official Name:
Republic of Paraguay

National Designated Entity

Type of organisation:
Government/Ministry
Name:
Mr. Ulises Lovera
,
Name:
Ms. Nora Paez

Energy profile

Type: 
Energy profile
Energy profile
Extent of network

In 2009, about 98% of the population had access to electricity, whereas in 2003 the corresponding figure was only 90%. The National Interconnected System (NIS) of ANDE covers virtually all the national territory. There are also other private regional networks that are connected to the energy power network of ANDE. However, it becomes difficult to cover the electricity supply in certain isolated regions in the country due to technological and economic reasons, where it is being studied the installation and in some cases being implemented other renewable energy alternatives for electricity generation.Two 500 kV lines connect Paraguay with Brazil and Argentina. Metropolitan distribution grids in the country are mainly 220 kV, with 66 kV feeders from this.

Renewable energy potential

The energy consumption matrix in Paraguay is characterized by having a greater proportion of RES than non renewable. In fact, 66% of the total energy comes from renewable energies; situation which differentiates this country from others.Solar energyWith an average global horizontal irradiance of 5.0-5.5 kWh/m2/d, Paraguay has good potential for solar energy uptake. CEDESOL, a non-profit organisation involved in many Andean nations, has installed solar water heaters and cookers in several rural villages in the country. EURO-SOLAR is currently installing distributed solar power generation systems to rural communities in the country.Wind energyMost regions in Paraguay have an average wind speed above 5.9 m/s, making Paraguay an ideal country for wind power uptake. No wind power projects are currently planned for the nation.Geothermal energyDespite considerable geothermal potential in neighbouring countries, Paraguay has few geothermal resources, and no projects using the technology are currently planned.HydropowerWith an estimated reserve of 56,000MW, Paraguay has one of the highest hydroelectric power potentials per capita in the world. In a typical year the country generates approximately 51.3 billion kWh of electricity and consumes just 3.5 billion kWh. On the Parana River, Brazil and Paraguay have built the Itaipu Dam, the 2nd largest hydropower facility in the world. The installed capacity of the facility is 14 GW. Hydro energy (71.9%) represents by far the most important RE source to the extent that Paraguay can export 30% of hydro energy. Biomass Energy/BiofuelsBiomass accounts for approximately 10% of the current renewable energy capacity of the country. Paraguay’s ethanol production capacity is over 200 million litres annually. Projections indicate that by 2014, the country could produce 300 million litres of ethanol, consume 250 million litres and export the balance, saving fewer dollars in importing petroleum and even generating more exports.  Six alcohol plants are in operation, encouraged by legislation in 2005 requiring a minimum bioethanol blend for 85 octane petrol (24%) and for 95 octane petrol (18%). Although about one-third of sugar cane production is destined for alcohol production, it is not enough to meet demand. In response, in 2008 the Government introduced a required minimum 1% biodiesel content in domestic vehicle fuel, rising to an eventual 20% maximum.  Currently, there are eight small biodiesel plants operating but, as with bioethanol, total production is not enough to comply with the initial 1% target.

Energy framework

The actions related to renewable energies are framed under Objective N° 5 of the Institutional Strategic Plan 2010- 2013. This objective seeks “to strengthen the activities related to institutional management in the subsector of renewable sources of energy and power efficiency”. In order for this take place, the following needs to be happen:Elaboration and implementation of a renewable energy development plan, which includes the generation of energy with alternative energy sources for the rural sectors and which promotes the use of biofuels.Develop actions for the identification of the potentials of renewable energies in Paraguay (by geographic zones and according to each type of energy source).Research for projects that are interesting for international investors who will be willing in investing in renewable energy projects in the country.Promote and research on the design of national projects that will be able to enter resources trough Clean Development Mechanism (CDM, Protocol of Kyoto) by the sale of avoided CO2 emissions. Design and coordinate the elaboration of activities that are related to the promotion and use of renewable energies within the framework of sustainable development.In October 2005, the Congress passed Law 2748 for Biofuels Promotion. Its main objectives are to diversify the supply of RE, diminish the dependence on imported fossil fuel, substitute fossil fuel with renewable fuels, improve environmental quality, develop the farming sector (focused primarily on small producers), and export ethanol and biodiesel. The law sets mandated mixes for gasoline and diesel. Diesel accounts for approximately 70% of the fuel consumption while the rest is gasoline (already mixed with 24% ethanol). In 2008, the Government passed Decree 12240 reducing the VAT on biodiesel and ethanol to 2%.The Government’s energy strategy aims to develop an efficient electricity sector within the existing institutional framework and to benefit from abundant hydroelectric resources. The limited size of the market, the abundant power available to Paraguay from the Itaipú and Yacyretá plants, and the presence of the two bi-national generating entities result in limited scope for independent private generators to invest in Paraguay’s electricity sector. The Government is therefore focused on seeking an efficient management of the sector within a public sector framework, and on transforming ANDE into a modern, efficient and financially sustainable public sector enterprise. 

Source
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    The Global Atlas is the comprehensive information platform on the potential of renewable energy. It provides resource maps from leading technical institutes worldwide and tools for evaluating the technical potential of renewable energies. It can function as a catalyst for policy development and energy planning, and can support investors in entering renewable energy markets.

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    This report provides historical and projected estimates of emissions of non-carbon-dioxide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from anthropogenic sources. It provides a consistent and comprehensive estimate for 92 individual countries and 8 regions. The analysis provides information that can be used to understand national contributions of GHG emissions, historical progress on reductions and mitigation opportunities. Although this document is being published by the U.S.

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    Freely available climate and climate-related data is essential to catalyze the changes in policies, investments and technologies that will be needed if we are to move towards a climate-smart future. The Climate Change Knowledge Portal is a central hub of information, data and reports about climate change around the world. With this portal you can query, map, compare, chart and summarize key climate and climate-related information. Open data: all of the climate data featured on the Climate Change Knowledge Portal has been published as open data resources.

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  • Type: 
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    Country of registration:
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    Relation to CTCN:
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    Relation to CTCN:
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    Natural Resources and Environmental Research Center (NRERC), University of Haifa is a resaerch and academic institution established in 1985  with the mission to  carry out interdisciplinary research in the area of natural resource and environmental resource management, pioneering this academic research field in Israel. NRERC is chosen, by the Israeli Ministry of Environmental Protection, to lead "The Israeli Center for Climate Change" (ICCIC).

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    Relation to CTCN:
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