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Nigeria

Official Name:
Federal Republic of Nigeria

National Designated Entity

Type of organisation:
Government/Ministry
Name:
Mr. Chukwuemeka Okebugwu
Phone:
+234 80 6442 6144

Energy profile

Type: 
Energy profile
Energy profile
Extent of network

Only about 40% of the households in Nigeria have access to the public utility supply and only 46% have access to electricity.  Only 2% of the rural households in Nigeria have access to electricity either by rural electrification actions initiated by the government or self-generation by private individuals (Y.S. Mohammed et al, 2013)

Renewable energy potential

Solar

Nigeria lies within a high sunshine belt and thus has enormous solar energy potentials. Solar radiation is fairly well distributed with average solar radiation of about 19.8 MJm –2 day-1 and average sunshine hours of 6hrs per day. If solar collectors or modules were used to cover 1% of Nigeria’s land area, it is possible to generate 1850 x103 GWh of solar electricity per year; this is over one hundred times the current grid electricity consumption level in the country.

Wind Energy

Wind energy is available at annual average speeds of about 2.0 m/s at the coastal region and 4.0 m/s at the far northern region of the country. With an air density of 1.1 kg/m3, the wind energy intensity perpendicular to the wind direction ranges between 4.4 W/ m2 at the coastal areas and 35.2 W/ m2 at the far northern region.

Biomass & Biogas

The biomass resources of Nigeria can be identified as crops, forage grasses and shrubs, animal wastes and waste arising from forestry, agriculture, municipal and industrial activities, as well as, aquatic biomass. Crops such Sweet sorghum, maize, Sugarcane were the most promising feedstock for biofuel production. It has been estimated that Nigeria produces about 227,500 tons of fresh animal waste daily. Since 1 kg of fresh animal waste produces about 0.03 m3 biogas, then Nigeria can potentially produce about 6.8 million m3 of biogas every day from animal waste only. Although biogas technology is not common in Nigeria, various research works on the technology and policy aspects of biogas production has been carried by various scientists in the country.

Hydro

The country is reasonably endowed with large rivers and some few natural falls. Small rivers and streams also exist within the present split of the country into eleven River Basin Authorities, some of which maintain minimum discharges all the year round. In a study carried out in twelve states and four  river basins, over 278 unexploited small hydropower (SHP) sites with total potentials of 734.3 MW were identified. However, SHP potential sites exist in virtually all parts of Nigeria with an estimated total capacity of 3,500 MW. They indicate that Nigeria possesses potential renewable source of energy along her numerous river systems, a total of 70 micro dams, 126 mini dam and 86 small sites have been identified.The total technically exploitable hydropower potential based on the country’s river system is conservatively estimated to be about 11,000 MW of which only 19% is currently being tapped or developed. These rivers, waterfalls and streams with high potentials for hydropower, if properly harnessed will lead to decentralized use and provide the most affordable and accessible option to off-grid electricity services especially to the rural communities.

Energy framework

The development of RE technologies in Nigeria has been slow. New measures are aimed to boost growth in the RE sector (legislative framework, licensing arrangements for private-sector operators, Feed-in Tariffs and clarifying market rules for RE services and products). Rural electrification programs are to take RE sources into full account. Liberalization has led to private sector participation in the generation sector, and a number of operational IPPs in the country today. Establishment of off-grid generation/distribution plants is encouraged. Means include:

  • moratorium on import duties for renewable energy technologies
  • design of further tax credits, capital incentives and preferential loan opportunities for renewable energy projects
  • Feed-in Tariffs for solar energy, wind power and small-hydro (under development)

Renewable Energy Master Plan (REMP)

The country’s Renewable Energy Master Plan was launched in 2006 and identifies considerable potential for generating solar, small and large hydro, biomass, biogas and wind energy across the country.Gradual movement from a fossil economy to one driven by an increasing share of renewable energy. Targets for renewable energy technologies by 2025:

  • Small-hydro: (600 MW in 2015) 2,000 MW
  • Solar PV: 500 MW
  • Biomass-based power plants: (50 MW in 2015) 400 MW
  • Wind: 40 MW
  • Electrification: (2005 level 42%, 60% in2015) 75%

National Integrated Power Project (NIPP)

Nigeria plans to increase generation from fossil fuel sources to more than 20,000 MW by 2020. The Nigerian government has set several targets to increase power generation over the past decade, but none of these targets have been met. The NIPP was initially established in 2004 by the Nigerian government as a plan to construct multiple natural gas-fired power plants using natural gas that was flared. Although progress has been slower than initially expected, some of the power plants are expected to come online in the short term. According to the August 2013 Roadmap, NIPP projects currently contribute more than 1,000 MW to the national grid capacity, and it is expected to reach 4,771 MW in 2015 when all planned units are expected to be completed and commissioned. A major source of capacity expansions is expected to come from Independent Power Projects (IPPs). IPPs currently contribute around 1,674 MW to the national grid capacity, and capacity from IPPs is expected to grow to about 14,000 MW by 2020, according to the August 2013 Roadmap. IPPs include power plants operated by IOCs.Nigeria plans to increase hydroelectricity generation capacity to 5,690 MW by 2020, quadrupling the capacity from the 2012 level. The country plans to increase hydroelectricity generation by upgrading current hydroelectricity plants and constructing new plants: Gurara II (360 MW), Zungeru (700 MW) and Mambilla (3,050 MW). In late 2013, the Nigerian government announced a $1.3 billion deal with China to build the 700-MW Zungeru hydropower project. The Export-Import Bank of China will cover 75% of the cost, while the Nigerian government will finance the remaining cost.

Energising Access to Sustainable Energy (EASE)

The programme aims to improve the enabling framework conditions for renewable energy and energy efficiency in Nigeria and, in particular, with a focus on the use of renewable energies by Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and households.The EASE programme will also address the massive deforestation and cutting of trees for fuel wood, which is the main energy source for the majority of the population, by planting more trees. Furthermore, Nigeria is the second largest gas flaring country, emitting some 40 million tons of CO2 each day. Through the promotion of reduced gas flaring, the EASE programme will contribute to resource conservation and help fight climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Some other activities to be carried out through the programme will include: design of energy assessment and strategies to increase access to energy, providing essential training on aspects such as norms, standards, and tariffs, or the development of business plans to demonstrate commercial viability of small-scale gas resources. The new programme will be run in partnership with the World Bank (which will contribute with over €4.6 million) and the GIZ (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit) (with a contribution of €9 million).

Source
Static Source:
  • Type: 
    Publication
    Publication date:
    Objective:
    Approach:

    Nigeria is frequently affected by disasters as a result of natural processes. Three quarters of these are related to extreme weather and climate events, including droughts, floods, extreme temperatures, thunderstorms, and desertification. Changes in global climate patterns will have serious implications for Nigeria, as most socioeconomic activities are extremely sensitive to climate variability. In this regard, concerted efforts are being made to address the issue of current and abrupt climate change.

  • Type: 
    Publication
    Publication date:
    Objective:
    Sectors:

    The goal of this report is to provide an understanding of global non-ferrous metal scrap flows in the context of non-ferrous industry developments over the 2000 to 2011 period. The focus of this study is on copper and aluminium as the two largest non-ferrous metals in terms of both material tonnages and market value. The report consists of four chapters. The first chapter, presented here, provides a brief backdrop to the analysis on non-ferrous scrap flows. It outlines growth in metal demand and the underlying reasons for this growth.

  • Type: 
    Publication
    Publication date:
    Objective:
    Sectors:

    This report provides historical and projected estimates of emissions of non-carbon-dioxide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from anthropogenic sources. It provides a consistent and comprehensive estimate for 92 individual countries and 8 regions. The analysis provides information that can be used to understand national contributions of GHG emissions, historical progress on reductions and mitigation opportunities. Although this document is being published by the U.S.

  • Type: 
    Publication
    Publication date:
    Objective:

    Freely available climate and climate-related data is essential to catalyze the changes in policies, investments and technologies that will be needed if we are to move towards a climate-smart future. The Climate Change Knowledge Portal is a central hub of information, data and reports about climate change around the world. With this portal you can query, map, compare, chart and summarize key climate and climate-related information. Open data: all of the climate data featured on the Climate Change Knowledge Portal has been published as open data resources.

  • Type: 
    Organisation
    Country of registration:
    Germany
    Relation to CTCN:
    Network Member

    Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy  is a research and academic organization established in 1991 with the mission to undertake research and develops models, strategies and instruments for transitions to a sustainable development at local, national and international level. Sustainability research at the Wuppertal Institute focuses on the resources, climate and energy related challenges and their relation to economy and society. Special emphasis is put on analysing and stimulating innovations that decouple economic growth and wealth from natural resource use. 

  • Type: 
    Organisation
    Country of registration:
    Netherlands
    Relation to CTCN:
    Network Member
    Sector(s) of expertise:

    Vereniging FME-CWM is a public sector organization with the mission to promote collaboration, knowledge exchange and promotion of Dutch products internationally. Their demonstrated expertise lies in deployment of renewable energy technologies such as solar and wind as well as energy storage in different regions of the world. 

  • Type: 
    Organisation
    Knowledge partner
    Country of registration:
    Denmark
    Relation to CTCN:
    Network Member
    Knowledge Partner
    Sector(s) of expertise:

    Quercus is an advisory type of an institution established in 2012 with the mission to positively improve and optimize living conditions for people and the working climate for public and private enterprise in the face of globalization. Quercus Group works with regional economic development in three main areas: Cluster Development, Network and Partnership facilitation, Investment and export promotion. 

     

  • Type: 
    Organisation
    Country of registration:
    South Africa
    Relation to CTCN:
    Network Member
    Sector(s) of expertise:

    Sustainable Energy Africa (SEA) was registered as a non-profit company in November 2000 and with implementation of the new Companies Act in 2011. Sustainable Energy Africa promotes the development of an equitable low carbon, clean energy economy throughout Southern Africa. Through their work they promote the more efficient use of conventional energy, the transition to more sustainable energies such as solar and wind power, access to safe and affordable energy for all, and a holistic view of sustainable development.
     

  • Type: 
    Organisation
    Country of registration:
    South Korea
    Relation to CTCN:
    Network Member
    Sector(s) of expertise:

    Korea Environment Corporation (KECO) is a public sector organization  with the mission to Contribute to ecofriendly national development through the improvement of environment and promotion of resource recycling.