This study offers one of the first perspectives on the job-creation role of rural energy access. The authors find that there is significant potential for job creation due to rural energy access initiatives, especially small-scale renewables. Although most renewable energy technologies and components are not manufactured in developing countries, the report identifies numerous job-creation opportunities in the downstream linkages between the manufacturer and end user. Additionally, the authors find that women enjoy some of the most beneficial impacts of rural energy access. Although there are still a variety of barriers to women's inclusion in solar and biogas employment, clean cookstove production may be an area of potential employment in the rural energy access arena.