This report is focused on mitigation, although an equitable approach to adaptation is of course equally important. It uses a flexible and transparent framework for equitable effort sharing that is drawn directly from the UNFCCC’s core equity principles. The analysis is done using the Climate Equity Reference Calculator, an online tool and database that allows the user to select specific equity-related settings relating to Responsibility and Capacity and other key parameters, and then to use straightforward, standard quantitative indicators to calculate the implied national fair shares of the global mitigation effort. The analysis is based on a range of alternative input selections informed by ethical and empirical considerations that are discussed in more detail within the report.
Norway’s situation as an exceptionally wealthy country whose prosperity has derived in considerable part from the extraction of fossil fuels puts it in a position of having considerable Responsibility for the climate problem as well as Capacity to help address it. As defined and calculated in the report below, Norway has nearly 1% of the global Responsibility and Capacity, even though it has less than 0.1% of the world’s population. This suggests that Norway’s fair share of the global mitigation effort would be more than 320 million tonnes CO2-eq in 2030, if the world is to be on a course that is likely to keep warming below 2°C.
It is infeasible for this entire effort to be undertaken wholly within Norway, as it would imply an emission reduction of nearly 600% below 1990 levels by 2030. However, Norway could fulfill this fair share through a combination of extremely ambitious mitigation efforts domestically of roughly 50%, along with international technological and financial support for mitigation efforts in other countries to achieve roughly 270 MtCO2eq worth of mitigation action.