This report provides guidance for developing country policymakers and their advisers who are considering measures to ensure that chronically poor people are included in efforts to deliver sustainable energy for all. It reviews the current energy poverty situation in developing countries and presents new analysis of the relationship between access to energy and poverty dynamics. It also discusses key questions for policymakers in meeting the challenge of delivering energy services to chronically poor people. Finally, it suggests a categorisation of countries according to the priorities and challenges they face, together with conclusions and recommendations for different categories of country.