The Photovoltaic Market Transformation Initiative (PVMTI) of The World Bank promotes commercialization of photovoltaic (PV) technology in developing countries by providing examples of replicable business models that can be financed on a commercial basis. The focus is on downstream business operations for off-grid systems. A collection of business models and finance mechanisms used by PVMTI in India, Kenya, and Morocco are presented. Models include promotion of retail sales networks, promotion of consumer credit and capital finance, and promotion of fee-for-service models.