The Arab people have been adapting to climate change for thousands of years, but over the next century global climatic variability is predicted to increase unprecedentedly. This report assesses the potential effects of climate change on the Arab region and outlines possible approaches and measures to prepare for its consequences. It offers Arab policymakers ideas and suggestions for mitigation actions in rural and urban settings to safeguard key areas such as health, water, agriculture and tourism. The report also analyses the differing impacts of climate change, with special attention paid to gender. The report suggests that countries and households will need to diversify their production and income generation, integrate adaptation into all policymaking and activities, and ensure a sustained national commitment to address the social, economic and environmental consequences of climate variability.