This report aims to highlight and raise awareness about the exposure and vulnerability of the energy sector to climate change. It identifies adaptation options available to each source of energy generation as well as for the distribution and end use of electrical energy. The report focuses on electric power generation, its transmission, and its distribution. A second publication, "Guidelines for Climate Proofing Investments in the Electric Power Sector", provides a systematic project-level approach for assessing climate risk and climate-proofing investments in the sector.

This publication examines the sectors, technologies and policy measures that will be central in the transition to a low-carbon energy system. It addresses the following questions: (1) What are the roles of coal and gas in meeting the stringent decarbonisation requirements for the power sector consistent with IEA modelling of global climate goals? (2) What are moderate carbon prices accomplishing in the electricity sector, and how can they be helpful as part of a package of other policies?