Climate change is likely to complicate the achievement and sustenance of development goals. Its effects on poverty are not well understood, and existing poverty reduction strategies do not adequately support climate resilience. This brief discusses the nexus between climate change and development, and how the achievement and sustainability of the 2015 Millennium Development Goals will be affected. The brief outlines the following ways in which climate change impacts on key elements of poverty reduction strategies:
Malaria protection and prevention programs
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Although most of Africa will feel the adversity that climate change will engender, certain African countries are at greater risk than others. This paper looks at the impact of climate change in developing countries and in Africa as a whole, with an analysis of why certain African countries will be worse off from the after-effects of climate change.
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Fourteen years ago, the Millennium Declaration articulated a bold vision and established concrete targets for improving the existence of many and for saving the lives of those threatened by disease and hunger. There has been important progress across all goals, with some targets already having been met well ahead of the 2015 deadline. All stakeholders will have to intensify and focus their efforts on the areas where advancement has been too slow and has not reached all.
Major achievements include:
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This paper, published in the Malaria Journal examines the relationship between climate and malaria incidence in Kagera in northwest Tanzania, with the aim of determining whether seasonal weather forecasts may assist in predicting malaria epidemics. The study uses malaria and climatic data collected during two annual malaria seasons over a period of ten years from 1990. It finds that malaria incidence is positively correlated with rainfall during the first season (October-March).
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This DFID key sheet aimed at DFID staff and development partners considers the impact of climate change on the health of the world's poor, and explores tools for adaptation to climate change.
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This report, synthesises the findings of large multi-agency attempt to comprehensively evaluate all of the world’s major ecosystems. It finds that approximately 60 percent of the ecosystem services that support life on Earth – such as fresh water, capture fisheries, air and water regulation, and the regulation of regional climate, natural hazards and pests – are being degraded or used unsustainably.
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This paper, published in BMC public health, examines the effects of meteorological factors (temperature, relative humidity and rainfall) on the incidence of clinical malaria. It uses data collected from over 670 children in urban and rural areas of Burkina Faso. The paper finds that all of the meteorological factors investigated affect the incidence of malaria among children under five, and that mean temperature alone is the strongest predictor of clinical malaria. The relationship with clinical malaria is bell-shaped such that the risk was lowest at low and high temperatures.
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This economic literacy pack, the third in this series, is a tool for educating local women's constituencies on trade rules and negotiations. It explores four main themes, firstly 'How the WTO Treats National Health Emergencies in the Rubric of Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)'. This section demonstrates how the agreement protects the patent interests of private pharmaceutical firms based in developed countries, while jeopardizing the public health of the poor in developing countries.
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Globalisation has often had negative effects on health, for example, an increase in trade in cigarettes and unhealthy food have led to a deterioration of people's health particularly in middle income countries. Damage to the physical environment in developing countries caused largely by unsustainable rates of consumption in rich countries is a further process of globalisation that poses long term threats to the health of people in developing countries.
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Published in: Adapt or Die: The science, politics and economics of climate change, this chapter analyses potential human and environmental vulnerabilities to the impacts of climate change.The author examines:the consequences of climate change in the past few decades, arguing that despite any warming, the average person’s welfare has improved over the last century due to technological progress driven by market- and science-based economic growth, technology and tradethe possible future impacts of a warmer climate, including: extreme weather; sea-level rise; biodiversity loss; the spread of di