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In industrial chemistry, black liquor is the waste product from the kraft process when digesting pulpwood into paper pulp removing lignin, hemicelluloses and other extractives from the wood to free the cellulose fibers.The equivalent material in the sulfite process is usually called brown liquor, but the terms red liquor, thick liquor and sulfite liquor are also used.

Black liquor

  • Scaling up energy efficiency in tofu and tempe SMEs in Indonesia

    Publication date
    Sectors
    Energy efficiency

    Background

    Tofu and tempe are fundamental to the Indonesian diet. Demand for these products is served by an industry of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) employing 285000 workers in 85000 businesses. Production practices are extremely energy inefficient and environmentally damaging. Enterprises use firewood resulting in a per-factory emissions average of 450 tons CO2/year and sector-wide emissions of 30 million tons.