Initiated by the detection of the so called “ozone hole” over the Antarctic, the Montreal Protocol on Substances that deplete the Ozone Layer came into force in 1987. The Protocol regulates the phase-out of production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) in refrigeration and air conditioning. This phase-out has led to the introduction of new, environmental-friendly technologies in industrialized countries.

Developed by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the Cleaner, More Efficient Vehicles Tool provides information and real-world examples of technology and policies used around the globe to improve auto fuel economy.

Adapting water management and agricultural practices to climate variability is essential and requires integrated responses. This brief explores how countries can harness south-south and triangular cooperation for accelerating the exchange of adaptation technologies, knowledge and practices in the water and agriculture sectors. It also highlights challenges, best practices, lessons learned, and the roles of stakeholders in replicating and transferring such technologies.

Focusing on the risk of climate change on development in Sub-Saharan Africa, South East Asia, and South Asia, this World Bank report provides a scientific analysis of the likely impacts on agriculture, water resources and coastal vulnerability that will be felt under various warming scenarios up to an increase of 4°C. It begins by outlining the global picture, suggesting that the latest research points to a 40% chance of a 4°C rise in temperatures by 2100.