Tanzania

This report include findings during workshop held in Nairobi on capacities needed to better integrated climate change adaptation responses into agricultural, rural development and natural resources policy processes for climate change adaptation in Eastern Africa.Discussions include; Core functions for adapting to climate change; Regional linkages and initiatives; High level policy forum meeting; Specific Activities to respond to climate change adaptation. The initiative was supported by Wageningen UR in partnership with ASARECA and IUCN.

The papers from three of GNESD’s Member centres examine different aspects of the complex links between climate change, energy and poverty, to help clarify the debate and to demonstrate that the issues, while complex, are nonetheless perfectly manageable. The most salient finding of the studies is that energy, in spite of its pivotal role for sustainable development and for successful adaptation, is hardly mentioned in the adaptation plans prepared by developing countries under the UNFCCC’s National Adaptation Programmes of Action (NAPA) process.

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, and enhancing forest carbon stocks in developing countries (REDD+) started as a global initiative. More than 40 countries are developing national REDD+ strategies and policies, and hundreds of REDD+ projects have been initiated across the tropics.This book wants to inform these national and local processes, by asking some basic questions: How are participating countries going to reduce emissions and increase carbon stocks that they hope to be paid for through global mechanisms?

Adaptation strategies must target those populations most vulnerable to global change and equip those unable to adapt—generally the poorest—with the tools and incentives that will enable them to do so. This report profiles the available climate change–related datasets and their accessibility and procurement details in the 10 Association of Strengthening Agricultural Research in Eastern and Central Africa (ASARECA ) member countries.

This paper presents an assessment of climate risks from the existing climate as well as from a range of scenarios. It assesses the expected annual loss to economies from existing climate patterns, a projection of the extent to which future economic growth will put greater value at risk, and the incremental loss that could occur over a twenty-year period under a range of climate change scenarios based on the latest scientific knowledge.

Modern energy services are essential for reducing poverty. Countries need energy to increase economic production, which improves livelihood options for women and men. Energy is also needed to increase agricultural productivity, provide clean water and improve human health, and energy enables girls and boys to go to school.The briefing discusses how climate change is complicating the energy situation in many parts of Africa. For example, changing rainfall patterns have led to droughts, affecting hydropower generation in many countries.

The last two decades of the 20th century have been a period of change for sub-Saharan African economies. Structural Adjustment Programmes have triggered a huge, unplanned income diversification response in African rural areas making rural populations become more occupationally flexible, spatially mobile and increasingly dependent on non-agricultural income-generating activities.

This report assesses opportunities and challenges for the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) in sub-Saharan African countries, namely Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic Congo (DRC), Ethiopia, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Rwanda, Senegal, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia. It analyses the technical potentials for CDM projects per sector as well as a review of the Kyoto infrastructure and an evaluation of Grid Emissions Factors.

Gender often dictates who gains and who loses in environmental disasters: where women lack basic rights, more will die from natural disasters than men; where they enjoy equal rights, the death rate is the same.

Awareness of the complex and dynamic links between gender relations and climate change is growing fast in gender and development (GAD) circles and among women’s rights activists, but in mainstream policies they still tend to be overlooked. This book offers information and evidence towards a more informed, nuanced gender perspective in the context of climate change.